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Windows Essentials
Taskbar –
The Windows Taskbar is a row of buttons across the bottom of the
screen. It contains the Start menu button and a button for each
open application
System tray
– An area on the right side of the taskbar on the Windows
interface used to display the status of various functions, such
as speaker volume and modem transmission.
Toolbar –
office toolbar
Icon
– An image; a representation of an object.
Document
– self-contained piece of work
Pinned items
– The list of programs on a Start menu
Cascading menu
– menu that open other menu (submenu)
Title bar –
The horizontal strip across the top of a window that contains
the name of the application
Menu bar
– file it
Dialog Box
– presents information to you or request information from
you.
Message box
– informs you of a condition (question, information, warning,
critical error)
Object
– in winxp nearly every item is considered an object.
File
– is a named program or a named document created with a
program and stored on a disk.
Documentric
– means that what is most important is the data, not the
program that generated the data.
Multitasking
– means that it can run more than one program at a time
Process –
is a program or a part of a program that is coherent sequence
of steps.
Multithreading
– tasks divided in to thread to speed up the process
Thread
– is a small part of a program with a narrow focus.
Object
– in winxp is called nearly every item
Property sheet
– Is kind of dialog box, a collection of information
about the object. Its just more complex dialog box.
Foreground application
– active application, active window
Hypertext
– means that topics are linked together logically, allowing
you to jump quickly from one topic to another
MMC –
Microsoft management Console
IRQ –
Interrupt request
ASCII editor
– American Standard Code for Information Interchange is
a simple text editor.
Queue
– when printing, jobs a put in queue
Program files
– are applications that allow the user to solve
of problems. They are also called applications packages, software
packages, and
software or jus apps.
Data files
– are files that contain information generated by the user.
The Registry
– is a database programs that stores profiles for each property
settings, such as the ones you set for the taskbar or Start menu.
Domain
– is a code indicating whether that person is connected
through a business (.com) a nonprofit organization (.org) a university
(.edu) and so on.
(@)
- indicates which server is being referenced
Netiquette –
the rules for politely interacting on the internet
Flaming –
is a sending of abusive or personally insulting email message
or newsgroup postings
KISS
– keep it simple stupid
File Attribute
– is a flag that is attached to a file that describes and
regulates its use. (Read-only, hidden, archive-means for backups)
Dll –
Dynamic -link Library. Does not consume any memory until it is
used. Because it is a separate file, a programmer can make corrections
or
improvements to that module without affecting the operation of
the program or any other dynamic-link library. A programmer can
use the same dynamic-link library with other programs.
Logical view
– desktop My computer
Physical View
– what files and folders are on your system and where they
are located.
Registry –
is the key for the path to the programs as well as the location
of all support files and registration of any file types associated
with that program.
Toolbar
– are collections of icons that you can click to launch
common tasks.
ASCII –
American Standard Code (Standard txt)
ANSI –
American National Standard Institute
Buffer –
are regions of memory that are reserved for data that is being
temporarily held while waiting to be transferred between two locations.
Spool file
– A temporary file created by windows when the print job
is send.
Active Desktop
– Intergrades desktop and the Internet. Its an
implementation of the push technology.
Push Technology
– brings requested Internet content to you instead of making
you retrieve it.
ACPI
– Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
Legacy hardware
– hardware that it is not PnP compatible
Pagings file
or before Swap file – a virtual space on the hard
drive.
Header –
is text printed at the top of each page
& – means that something will be printed
&f – means print the file name
&p – means print the word Page and the page number
&d – instead the date
&t – inster time specified
Footer –
is text printed at the bottom of each page
Extensions:
.com – Command files
.exe – Executable
.bat – Batch
.cmd – Command script
.vb – Visual Basic
.vbe – Visual Basic Encoded Script
.js – Java
.jse – Java Encoded
.wsf – Windows Script files
.wsh – Windows Script Host Setting file
.dll – dynamic-link libraries
.sys – system files
Tree font technologies
supported by windows XP
Raster Fonts – Uses a series of dots to
create a character. Windows uses them to display text in dialog
boxes, messages and so on. Different sizes of each font must be
stored separately on a hard disk. Usually what you see on the
screen will not match what is printed on the printer
Vector Fonts
– scalable fonts that draw characters by using
line segment rather than dots. They are often used for output
to plotters (printer for use of printing different line-based
graphics) and some types of printers
Outline Fonts
– Uses mathematically generated lines and curves
rather than patterns of dots. WYSIWYG – “what you
see is what you got”
Adobe Type 1
– developed for use with Postscript Printers. Very expensive,
they require a computer inside the printer.
True Type
– The original Windows fonts format, was first introduced
in Win 3.1 and Mac in 1991. All rendering is done in the computer
rather than the printer.
Open Type
– is an extension of True Type developed by Microsoft and
Adobe. The new font-rendering technology that allows to use Type
1, True Type, and Open Type on all output devices.
BACKUPS:
Normal backup – (slower)called a full back
up. “Backs up everything on my computer” Mark attributes
or archive bit on/off when backed up.
Incremental backup
– (faster)only copies or backs up the files that
have been created or changed since the last normal or incremental
backup. However it does not mark the files as having been backed
up.
A daily backup
– backs up all files that have been created or modified
the day the daily backup is performed. However the files are not
being marked as being backed up.
A copy backup
– backs up files that are being selected and does not mark
each file that has been backed up.
ASR –
Automated System Recovery. It saves information about your arrangement
of disk partition, system files, and detected hardware. It does
not save program files or your data files. It is used for the
system problems
File System
– Defines the structure and the rules used to read, write,
and maintain information stored on a disk.
Fat16
– it can not handle partitions greater than 2 GB
Fat32 –
supports from 512mb to 2tb.
NTFS –
New Technology File System better file security, disk compression,
logging features, reability, and stability. On dual booting system
other systems may not be able to access files on the NTFS
.INI
– (initialization files) files in previous versions of Windows
used them to store information about the user environment and
necessary drivers. They are broken in to two categories:
System initialization
files – Win.INI and System.INI
Private initialization
files – were often added to the Windows directory
and kept track of the state of the application, containing such
information as the screen position or the last-used files.
REG.DAT –
Registration data base.
Registry –
used for file associations and objects linking and embedding,
and all the various private initialization files
%SystemRoot%\System32\Config – the registry is kept
%SystemRoot%Repair\Back – the back up of registry
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